International Audio Laboratories Erlangen

Piano Concerto Dataset (PCD): A Multitrack Dataset of Piano Concertos

This is the accompanying website to the dataset article Piano Concerto Dataset (PCD): A Multitrack Dataset of Piano Concertos.

  1. Yigitcan Özer, Simon Schwär, Vlora Arifi-Müller, Jeremy Lawrence, Emre Sen, and Meinard Müller
    Piano Concerto Dataset (PCD): A Multitrack Dataset of Piano Concertos
    Transactions of the International Society for Music Information Retrieval (TISMIR), 6(1): 75–88, 2023. DOI 
    @article{OezerSALSM23_PCD_TISMIR,
title     = {{P}iano {C}oncerto {D}ataset ({PCD}): A Multitrack Dataset of Piano Concertos},
author    = {Yigitcan {\"O}zer and Simon Schw{\"a}r and Vlora Arifi-M{\"u}ller and Jeremy Lawrence and Emre Sen and Meinard M{\"u}ller},
journal   = {Transactions of the International Society for Music Information Retrieval ({TISMIR})},
volume    = {6},
number    = {1},
year      = {2023},
pages     = {75--88},
doi       = {10.5334/tismir.160},
}

Abstract

The piano concerto is a genre of central importance in Western classical music, often consisting of a virtuoso solo part for piano and an orchestral accompaniment. In this article, we introduce the Piano Concerto Dataset (PCD), which comprises a collection of excerpts with separate piano and orchestral tracks from piano concertos ranging from the Baroque to the Post-Romantic era. In particular, using existing backing tracks by the music publisher Music Minus One, we recorded excerpts from 15 different piano concertos played by five interpreters on various instruments under different acoustic conditions. The key challenge of playing along with pre-recorded orchestral accompaniments lies in the exact synchronization of the performer. For guiding the pianists for obtaining a high synchronization accuracy, we used additional click tracks generated with measure and beat annotations of the orchestral tracks, which also are provided in the PCD. The dataset is relevant for a variety of Music Information Retrieval (MIR) tasks, including music source separation, automatic accompaniment, music synchronization, editing, and upmixing.

teaser
Overview of the recording process. (a) The sheet music of measures 8--15 from Tchaikovsky's Piano Concerto No. 1 in B Flat Minor, Op. 23, 1st movement. (b) During the recording process, the pianist is supposed to play synchronously with the backing track.

Access and Tools

We provide a ZIP archive, which comprises the original WAV files along with a metadata .csv file.

Raw data (ZIP file, 897 MB)

Recordings                               Search: 

PCD ID Excerpt Name Prefix Composer Full Name Measures Performer Room Subpage
000 Bach_BWV1056-01-mm001-008_YO-V1 J.S. Bach Piano Concerto in F Minor, BWV 1056 001–008 YO R3 Link
001 Bach_BWV1056-01-mm021-028_YO-V1 J.S. Bach Piano Concerto in F Minor, BWV 1056 021–028 YO R3 Link
002 Bach_BWV1056-01-mm047-054_YO-V1 J.S. Bach Piano Concerto in F Minor, BWV 1056 047–054 YO R3 Link
003 Bach_BWV1056-01-mm079-086_YO-V1 J.S. Bach Piano Concerto in F Minor, BWV 1056 079–086 YO R3 Link
004 Bach_BWV1056-01-mm111-116_YO-V1 J.S. Bach Piano Concerto in F Minor, BWV 1056 111–116 YO R3 Link
005 Bach_BWV1056-01-mm001-008_YO-V2 J.S. Bach Piano Concerto in F Minor, BWV 1056 001–008 YO R4 Link
006 Bach_BWV1056-01-mm021-028_YO-V2 J.S. Bach Piano Concerto in F Minor, BWV 1056 021–028 YO R4 Link
007 Bach_BWV1056-01-mm047-054_YO-V2 J.S. Bach Piano Concerto in F Minor, BWV 1056 047–054 YO R4 Link
008 Bach_BWV1056-01-mm079-086_YO-V2 J.S. Bach Piano Concerto in F Minor, BWV 1056 079–086 YO R4 Link
009 Bach_BWV1056-01-mm111-116_YO-V2 J.S. Bach Piano Concerto in F Minor, BWV 1056 111–116 YO R4 Link
010 Beethoven_Op015-01-mm118-125_MM Beethoven Piano Concerto No.1 in C major, Op.15 118–125 MM R1 Link
011 Beethoven_Op015-01-mm167-174_MM Beethoven Piano Concerto No.1 in C major, Op.15 167–174 MM R1 Link
012 Beethoven_Op015-01-mm295-302_MM Beethoven Piano Concerto No.1 in C major, Op.15 295–302 MM R1 Link
013 Beethoven_Op015-01-mm306-313_MM Beethoven Piano Concerto No.1 in C major, Op.15 306–313 MM R1 Link
014 Beethoven_Op015-01-mm363-370_MM Beethoven Piano Concerto No.1 in C major, Op.15 363–370 MM R1 Link
015 Beethoven_Op015-01-mm382-389_MM Beethoven Piano Concerto No.1 in C major, Op.15 382–389 MM R1 Link
016 Beethoven_Op019-01-mm095-102_ES-V1 Beethoven Piano Concerto No.2 in B Flat Major, Op.19 095–102 ES R3 Link
017 Beethoven_Op019-01-mm117-124_ES-V1 Beethoven Piano Concerto No.2 in B Flat Major, Op.19 117–124 ES R3 Link
018 Beethoven_Op019-01-mm095-102_ES-V2 Beethoven Piano Concerto No.2 in B Flat Major, Op.19 095–102 ES R4 Link
019 Beethoven_Op019-01-mm117-124_ES-V2 Beethoven Piano Concerto No.2 in B Flat Major, Op.19 117–124 ES R4 Link
020 Beethoven_Op037-01-mm124-130_ES-V1 Beethoven Piano Concerto No.3 in C Minor, Op.37 124–130 ES R3 Link
021 Beethoven_Op037-01-mm148-154_ES-V1 Beethoven Piano Concerto No.3 in C Minor, Op.37 148–154 ES R3 Link
022 Beethoven_Op037-01-mm124-130_ES-V2 Beethoven Piano Concerto No.3 in C Minor, Op.37 124–130 ES R4 Link
023 Beethoven_Op037-01-mm148-154_ES-V2 Beethoven Piano Concerto No.3 in C Minor, Op.37 148–154 ES R4 Link
024 Beethoven_Op037-02-mm030-032_LR Beethoven Piano Concerto No.3 in C Minor, Op.37 030–032 LR R1 Link
025 Beethoven_Op058-02-mm031-035_ES-V1 Beethoven Piano Concerto No.4 in G Major, Op.58 031–035 ES R3 Link
026 Beethoven_Op058-02-mm031-035_ES-V2 Beethoven Piano Concerto No.4 in G Major, Op.58 031–035 ES R4 Link
027 Chopin_Op021-03-mm003-016_ES Chopin Piano Concerto No.2 in F Minor, Op.21 003–016 ES R4 Link
028 Chopin_Op021-03-mm145-157_ES Chopin Piano Concerto No.2 in F Minor, Op.21 145–157 ES R4 Link
029 Chopin_Op021-03-mm215-229_ES Chopin Piano Concerto No.2 in F Minor, Op.21 215–229 ES R4 Link
030 Chopin_Op021-03-mm249-260_ES Chopin Piano Concerto No.2 in F Minor, Op.21 249–260 ES R4 Link
031 Chopin_Op021-03-mm411-424_ES Chopin Piano Concerto No.2 in F Minor, Op.21 411–424 ES R4 Link
032 Grieg_Op016-01-mm027-030_ES Grieg Piano Concerto in A Minor, Op.16 027–030 ES R4 Link
033 Mendelssohn_MWVO007-01-mm023-029_ES-V1 Mendelssohn Piano Concerto No.1 in G Minor, Op.25 023–029 ES R3 Link
034 Mendelssohn_MWVO007-01-mm023-029_ES-V2 Mendelssohn Piano Concerto No.1 in G Minor, Op.25 023–029 ES R4 Link
035 Mozart_KV414-01-mm180-186_YO Mozart Piano Concerto No.12 in A Major, KV.414 180–186 YO R3 Link
036 Mozart_KV414-01-mm192-196_YO Mozart Piano Concerto No.12 in A Major, KV.414 192–196 YO R3 Link
037 Mozart_KV467-01-mm145-151_YO Mozart Piano Concerto No.21 in C Major, KV.467 145–151 YO R1 Link
038 Mozart_KV467-01-mm186-192_YO Mozart Piano Concerto No.21 in C Major, KV.467 186–192 YO R1 Link
039 Mozart_KV467-01-mm231-237_YO Mozart Piano Concerto No.21 in C Major, KV.467 231–237 YO R1 Link
040 Mozart_KV467-01-mm253-259_YO Mozart Piano Concerto No.21 in C Major, KV.467 253–259 YO R1 Link
041 Mozart_KV467-01-mm369-375_YO Mozart Piano Concerto No.21 in C Major, KV.467 369–375 YO R1 Link
042 Mozart_KV467-02-mm024-026_YO-V1 Mozart Piano Concerto No.21 in C Major, KV.467 024–026 YO R1 Link
043 Mozart_KV467-02-mm030-032_YO-V1 Mozart Piano Concerto No.21 in C Major, KV.467 030–032 YO R1 Link
044 Mozart_KV467-02-mm037-039_YO-V1 Mozart Piano Concerto No.21 in C Major, KV.467 037–039 YO R1 Link
045 Mozart_KV467-02-mm024-026_YO-V2 Mozart Piano Concerto No.21 in C Major, KV.467 024–026 YO R4 Link
046 Mozart_KV467-02-mm030-032_YO-V2 Mozart Piano Concerto No.21 in C Major, KV.467 030–032 YO R4 Link
047 Mozart_KV467-02-mm037-039_YO-V2 Mozart Piano Concerto No.21 in C Major, KV.467 037–039 YO R4 Link
048 Rachmaninoff_Op018-01-mm012-018_JL Rachmaninov Piano Concerto No.2 in C Minor, Op.18 012–018 JL R2 Link
049 Rachmaninoff_Op018-01-mm114-120_JL Rachmaninov Piano Concerto No.2 in C Minor, Op.18 114–120 JL R2 Link
050 Rachmaninoff_Op018-01-mm182-190_JL Rachmaninov Piano Concerto No.2 in C Minor, Op.18 182–190 JL R2 Link
051 Rachmaninoff_Op018-01-mm245-252_JL Rachmaninov Piano Concerto No.2 in C Minor, Op.18 245–252 JL R2 Link
052 Rachmaninoff_Op018-01-mm366-374_JL Rachmaninov Piano Concerto No.2 in C Minor, Op.18 366–374 JL R2 Link
053 Rachmaninoff_Op018-02-mm013-015_JL Rachmaninov Piano Concerto No.2 in C Minor, Op.18 013–015 JL R2 Link
054 Rachmaninoff_Op018-02-mm034-036_JL Rachmaninov Piano Concerto No.2 in C Minor, Op.18 034–036 JL R2 Link
055 Rachmaninoff_Op018-02-mm055-059_JL Rachmaninov Piano Concerto No.2 in C Minor, Op.18 055–059 JL R2 Link
056 Rachmaninoff_Op018-02-mm089-093_JL Rachmaninov Piano Concerto No.2 in C Minor, Op.18 089–093 JL R2 Link
057 Rachmaninoff_Op018-02-mm116-121_JL Rachmaninov Piano Concerto No.2 in C Minor, Op.18 116–121 JL R2 Link
058 Rachmaninoff_Op018-03-mm063-073_JL Rachmaninov Piano Concerto No.2 in C Minor, Op.18 063–073 JL R2 Link
059 Rachmaninoff_Op018-03-mm122-128_JL Rachmaninov Piano Concerto No.2 in C Minor, Op.18 122–128 JL R2 Link
060 Rachmaninoff_Op018-03-mm150-154_JL Rachmaninov Piano Concerto No.2 in C Minor, Op.18 150–154 JL R2 Link
061 Rachmaninoff_Op018-03-mm167-177_JL Rachmaninov Piano Concerto No.2 in C Minor, Op.18 167–177 JL R2 Link
062 Rachmaninoff_Op018-03-mm431-436_JL Rachmaninov Piano Concerto No.2 in C Minor, Op.18 431–436 JL R2 Link
063 Rachmaninoff_Op030-01-mm003-008_ES-V1 Rachmaninov Piano Concerto No.3 in D Minor, Op.30 003–008 ES R3 Link
064 Rachmaninoff_Op030-01-mm021-027_ES-V1 Rachmaninov Piano Concerto No.3 in D Minor, Op.30 021–027 ES R3 Link
065 Rachmaninoff_Op030-01-mm033-038_ES-V1 Rachmaninov Piano Concerto No.3 in D Minor, Op.30 033–038 ES R3 Link
066 Rachmaninoff_Op030-01-mm003-008_ES-V2 Rachmaninov Piano Concerto No.3 in D Minor, Op.30 003–008 ES R4 Link
067 Rachmaninoff_Op030-01-mm021-027_ES-V2 Rachmaninov Piano Concerto No.3 in D Minor, Op.30 021–027 ES R4 Link
068 Rachmaninoff_Op030-01-mm033-038_ES-V2 Rachmaninov Piano Concerto No.3 in D Minor, Op.30 033–038 ES R4 Link
069 Saint_Op022-01-mm053-055_ES Saint-Saëns Piano Concerto No.2 in G Minor, Op.22 053–055 ES R4 Link
070 Saint_Op022-01-mm061-062_ES Saint-Saëns Piano Concerto No.2 in G Minor, Op.22 061–062 ES R4 Link
071 Schumann_Op054-01-mm019-024_ES-V1 Schumann Piano Concerto in A Minor, Op.54 019–024 ES R3 Link
072 Schumann_Op054-01-mm034-040_ES-V1 Schumann Piano Concerto in A Minor, Op.54 034–040 ES R3 Link
073 Schumann_Op054-01-mm019-024_ES-V2 Schumann Piano Concerto in A Minor, Op.54 019–024 ES R4 Link
074 Schumann_Op054-01-mm034-040_ES-V2 Schumann Piano Concerto in A Minor, Op.54 034–040 ES R4 Link
075 Tschaikovsky_Op023-01-mm007-013_ES-V1 Tchaikovsky Piano Concerto No.1 in B Flat Minor, Op.23 007–013 ES R3 Link
076 Tschaikovsky_Op023-01-mm018-024_ES-V1 Tchaikovsky Piano Concerto No.1 in B Flat Minor, Op.23 018–024 ES R3 Link
077 Tschaikovsky_Op023-01-mm030-036_ES-V1 Tchaikovsky Piano Concerto No.1 in B Flat Minor, Op.23 030–036 ES R3 Link
078 Tschaikovsky_Op023-01-mm007-013_ES-V2 Tchaikovsky Piano Concerto No.1 in B Flat Minor, Op.23 007–013 ES R4 Link
079 Tschaikovsky_Op023-01-mm018-024_ES-V2 Tchaikovsky Piano Concerto No.1 in B Flat Minor, Op.23 018–024 ES R4 Link
080 Tschaikovsky_Op023-01-mm030-036_ES-V2 Tchaikovsky Piano Concerto No.1 in B Flat Minor, Op.23 030–036 ES R4 Link

References

  1. Yigitcan Özer and Meinard Müller
    Source Separation of Piano Concertos with Test-Time Adaptation
    In Proceedings of the International Society for Music Information Retrieval Conference (ISMIR): 493–500, 2022. Demo 
    @inproceedings{OezerM22_PianoSepAdapt_ISMIR,
author    = {Yigitcan \"Ozer and Meinard M\"uller},
title     = {Source Separation of Piano Concertos with Test-Time Adaptation},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the International Society for Music Information Retrieval Conference ({ISMIR})},
address   = {Bengaluru, India},
year      = {2022},
pages     = {493--500},
url-demo = {https://www.audiolabs-erlangen.de/resources/MIR/2022-PianoSep}
}
  2. Romain Hennequin, Anis Khlif, Felix Voituret, and Manuel Moussallam
    Spleeter: A Fast and Efficient Music Source Separation Tool with Pre-trained Models
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url = {https://doi.org/10.21105/joss.02154},
year = {2020},
publisher = {The Open Journal},
volume = {5},
number = {50},
pages = {2154},
author = {Romain Hennequin and Anis Khlif and Felix Voituret and Manuel Moussallam},
title = {Spleeter: A Fast and Efficient Music Source Separation Tool with Pre-trained Models},
journal = {Journal of Open Source Software},
note = {Deezer Research}
}
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author    = {William E. Caplin.},
title     = {Classical Form: A Theory of Formal Functions for the Instrumental Music of Haydn, Mozart, and Beethoven},
isbn      = {9780195143997},
year      = {1998},
publisher = {Oxford University Press, USA}
}
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    @book{Cole97_FormOfMusic_BOOK,
author    = {William Cole},
publisher = {The {A}ssociated {B}oard of the {R}oyal {S}chools of {M}usic ({ABRSM})},
address   = {London, UK},
title     = {The Form of Music},
year      = {1997}
}
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    @book{Schering1905_InstrumentalKonzert_BOOK,
author    = {Arnold Schering},
title     = {Geschichte des Instrumentalkonzerts},
publisher = {Breitkopf \& H\"artel},
address   = {Leipzig, Germany},
year      = {1905}
}

Acknowledgments

Special thanks to Yiğit Aydın, Barış Demirezer, and Tolga Yayalar for fruitful discussions and organizing the recording sessions at Bilkent University, Ankara. Thanks also to Lisa Rosendahl for her musical contributions. This work was supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG MU 2686/10-2). The authors are with the International Audio Laboratories Erlangen, a joint institution of the Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Circuits IIS.